OOP trong PHP: Hướng dẫn chi tiết và ví dụ minh họa

<?php
class Car {
    // Thuộc tính
    public $color;
    public $model;

    // Phương thức
    public function __construct($color, $model) {
        $this->color = $color;
        $this->model = $model;
    }

    public function message() {
        return "My car is a " . $this->color . " " . $this->model . "!";
    }
}

// Tạo đối tượng
$myCar = new Car("red", "Toyota");
echo $myCar->message(); // Kết quả: My car is a red Toyota!
?>

<?php
class Person {
    public $name;
    public $age;

    public function set_name($name) {
        $this->name = $name;
    }

    public function get_name() {
        return $this->name;
    }
}

$person = new Person();
$person->set_name("John");
echo $person->get_name(); // Kết quả: John
?>

<?php
class Vehicle {
    public $brand;

    public function set_brand($brand) {
        $this->brand = $brand;
    }

    public function get_brand() {
        return $this->brand;
    }
}

class Car extends Vehicle {
    public $model;

    public function set_model($model) {
        $this->model = $model;
    }

    public function get_model() {
        return $this->model;
    }
}

$car = new Car();
$car->set_brand("Toyota");
$car->set_model("Corolla");
echo $car->get_brand() . " " . $car->get_model(); // Kết quả: Toyota Corolla
?>

<?php
interface Animal {
    public function makeSound();
}

class Dog implements Animal {
    public function makeSound() {
        return "Woof!";
    }
}

class Cat implements Animal {
    public function makeSound() {
        return "Meow!";
    }
}

function animalSound(Animal $animal) {
    echo $animal->makeSound();
}

$dog = new Dog();
$cat = new Cat();
animalSound($dog); // Kết quả: Woof!
animalSound($cat); // Kết quả: Meow!
?>

<?php
abstract class Shape {
    abstract public function calculateArea();
}

class Circle extends Shape {
    private $radius;

    public function __construct($radius) {
        $this->radius = $radius;
    }

    public function calculateArea() {
        return pi() * pow($this->radius, 2);
    }
}

$circle = new Circle(5);
echo $circle->calculateArea(); // Kết quả: 78.539816339745
?>

<?php
class BankAccount {
    private $balance;

    public function __construct($balance) {
        $this->balance = $balance;
    }

    public function deposit($amount) {
        $this->balance += $amount;
    }

    public function getBalance() {
        return $this->balance;
    }
}

$account = new BankAccount(100);
$account->deposit(50);
echo $account->getBalance(); // Kết quả: 150
?>

<?php
interface Logger {
    public function log($message);
}

class FileLogger implements Logger {
    public function log($message) {
        echo "Logging to a file: " . $message;
    }
}

class DatabaseLogger implements Logger {
    public function log($message) {
        echo "Logging to a database: " . $message;
    }
}

$fileLogger = new FileLogger();
$fileLogger->log("File log message"); // Kết quả: Logging to a file: File log message

$databaseLogger = new DatabaseLogger();
$databaseLogger->log("Database log message"); // Kết quả: Logging to a database: Database log message
?>

<?php
trait SayHello {
    public function sayHello() {
        echo "Hello!";
    }
}

class Greeting {
    use SayHello;
}

$greet = new Greeting();
$greet->sayHello(); // Kết quả: Hello!
?>

<?php
namespace MyProject;

class User {
    public function getName() {
        return "MyProject User";
    }
}

$user = new \MyProject\User();
echo $user->getName(); // Kết quả: MyProject User
?>